From the beginning of the development of the sea, people began to equip convenient places on the coast for the parking of ships. With the development of trade, shipping has become a convenient and cost-effective means of delivering goods over long distances, and there is a need to equip multifunctional ports.
Today, the port is not only a place for ships to stay, but also a whole complex for their maintenance. They are different in their purpose and location, and a special unit of measurement of TEU (Twenty-Foot Equivalent) is used to measure freight traffic. Consider this indicator in conjunction with others, and visit the largest port in the world.
The largest ports of the world:
11
Novorossiysk Sea Port
Let's start with a country that, since the time of Peter I, is rightfully considered the leading maritime power in the world.
Both before and after the annexation of Crimea, Novorossiysk is the largest port in Russia. The largest seaport in the south of the Russian Federation handles 20% of the total volume of cargo arriving and exported by Russia through seaports.
The largest naval base of the Russian Federation is also based in Novorossiysk.
10
Port of rotterdam
At the mouths of the Meuse and Rhine rivers is the largest European port, covering a total area of 105 hectares.
The Dutch port began its history in the distant XIV century with small berths, and today its cargo flow is more than 450 tons per year.
Reconstruction and state-of-the-art equipment allows servicing vessels of various displacement and modifications at the berths.
By the way, there is a very interesting article about the largest ships in the world on thebiggest.ru.
9
Qingdao
On the shores of the Yellow Sea in the Chinese province of Shandong, the port of Qingdao spread its piers, terminals and shipyards.
The port handles about 10 million containers annually, also accepting bulk carriers. In addition, the main naval base of the Chinese Navy is located in the convenient Jiaozhouwan Bay, protected by three dams.
8
Jebel Ali
At the end of the 70s of the last century, a port was built 35 kilometers from the UAE capital, which over time became the busiest in the Middle East.
The dimensions of the terminals and the bay make it possible for ships of large carrying capacity and length to enter the port. Each year, the port serves an average of 8 thousand ships.
For refueling and repair, ships of the US Navy enter Jebel Ali.
7
Guangzhou
The main port of South China is at the crossroads of three rivers, Beijiang, Dongjiang and Xijiang. But oddly enough, it is considered a sea harbor.
It is hard to imagine, but the port has 4,600 berths, with a cargo flow of 460 million tons per year.
By transport lines, the most important transport hub in Asia is connected with 300 ports in 80 countries of the world. Like many transportation hubs in the Republic of China, Guangzhou is a state-owned company.
6
Busan
In the convenient mouth of the Naktong River in 1876, a large port was founded and began its work.
The TEU indicator of the South Korean port is 13.2 million annually. The bay allows ships approaching the berths of Busan with a carrying capacity of over 50,000 tons.
5
Shenzhen
Another Chinese container port is located in Guangdong. The total length of the berths is 22 kilometers.
The latest equipment and a large container handling capacity have made the Chinese port a world leader. Today, more than 40 international container shipping companies have incorporated Shenzhen into their transportation lines.
4
Hong Kong
One of the largest transport hubs specializes in the processing of containers, building materials, and also has terminals for receiving and sending crude oil.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the British used the island to park their ships and store opium. Over time, Hong Kong has become an important center for the base of ship companies, and today it receives more than 350 ships annually.
Hong Kong is on the list of the largest cities in China, although its residents are unlikely to call the city Chinese.
3
Ningbo Zhoushan
In 2006, by the merger of the two ports of Ningbo and Zhoushan, a gigantic complex was formed with many berths and terminals for handling various cargoes.
The annual freight turnover of Ningbo-Zhoushan is over 1 million tons. Recently, berths that can serve oil tankers, as well as a berth for loading iron ore, have been equipped.
2
Shanghai
China is the undisputed leader in the number of large sea and river harbors. Such a giant, which is simultaneously considered both a sea and a river port, is a complex near the city of Shanghai. Of course, one of the richest cities in the world cannot fail to have a large port.
The deep sea port has been serving ships for over 160 years. Its capacity today stands at 35 million TEU.
1
Singapore
The favorable geographical location of Singapore and the high competitiveness of the region have become the reasons why the largest port in the world was founded here.
The port of Singapore is constantly competing with Shanghai for superiority in cargo transportation.
Moorings and terminals of Singapore allow you to receive 150 vessels of various modifications daily: from bulk tankers to dry cargo vessels and large container ships. But the port itself serves more than 250 regular transport lines.
By the way, Singapore is also included in the list of the safest countries for tourism, published on our website TheBiggest.ru. It is also one of the richest countries on our planet.
Conclusion
In the photo: Port of Mariupol. Ukraine.
As you can see, the largest ports have become important connecting lines between different parts of the world. Historically, the sea routes ran through all the seas and oceans, and modern navigation makes it easy to navigate in the water element. In addition to cargo, river and sea ports also serve millions of passengers.
In conclusion, we note that the Asian region has become an important shopping center, where the main transport routes have moved. The ports of the United States and Europe have gradually lost ground, and in the modern economy, seaports built in Asian countries are becoming increasingly important.
Article author: Valery Skiba